{"id":25030,"date":"2014-04-14T13:42:26","date_gmt":"2014-04-14T11:42:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.serbia.com\/?p=25030"},"modified":"2014-05-28T14:20:16","modified_gmt":"2014-05-28T12:20:16","slug":"rusko-naslede-u-beogradu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/serbia.com\/srpski\/rusko-naslede-u-beogradu\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusko nasle\u0111e u Beogradu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vreme najburnijih i najintenzivnijih promena u arhitektonskom smislu Beograd <\/a>je do\u017eiveo izme\u0111u dva svetska rata. Skoro preko no\u0107i grad je obrise orijentalnog zamenio modernim izgledom jedne evropske prestonice. Velika uloga u oblikovanju novog lica Beograda pripala je ruskim arhitektima Verhovskom, Baumgartneru, a pre svega Krasnovu.<\/h4>\n

\u201eU vreme Aleksandra Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107a, ruskog \u0111aka, o\u017eenjenog unukom Aleksandra Drugog i velikog zaljubljenika u Nikolaja Drugog, emigracija koja je izbegla iz Rusije u Srbiji je prona\u0161la novu domovinu. \u010citavom istorijom srpsko-ruskih veza, a one po\u010dinju u 13. veku, dominira ba\u0161 to vreme, vreme rata i progona, kada su izbeglice sa sobom nosile \u017eivo se\u0107anje na carsku Rusiju kao klicu koju su spasavale od plamena revolucije\u201c<\/em>, podse\u0107a Mihail Genadijevi\u010d Denisov<\/strong>, direktor Ruskog doma.
\n\"Rusko<\/a>
\nVladimir Albinovi\u010d Majevski<\/strong>, istori\u010dar ruske emigracije i savremenik doga\u0111aja, bele\u017ei da su \u201eRusi tada u\u0161li u srpsku zemlju neoptere\u0107eni kvotama, vizama, ograni\u010denjima, paso\u0161ima i sli\u010dno. Bratska zemlja privila je Ruse uz sebe. Nije se optere\u0107ivala formalnostima koje su postojale prilikom ulaska u evropske i ameri\u010dke dr\u017eave. To treba zapamtiti i se\u0107ati se sa zahvalno\u0161\u0107u\u2026\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

I zaista, dolazak 44.000 ruskih izbeglica imao je pre svega ogroman kulturni, prosvetni, nau\u010dni i dru\u0161tveni zna\u010daj za Srbiju toga vremena. Sve je jo\u0161 jasnije kada se pogleda kog su obrazovanja bile ruske izbeglice u Srbiji, a posebno kada se zna koliko je u to vreme Srbija imala nepismenih ljudi.<\/p>\n

RUSI DOLAZE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"rusko<\/a>\u201eDelatnost ruskih reditelja, scenografa, kostimografa, operskih peva\u010da i baletskih umetnika u me\u0111uratnom periodu kako u nacionalnim teatarskim ustanovama tako i u ruskim pozori\u0161nim i operskim dru\u017einama i grupama obele\u017eila je i obogatila pozori\u0161ni, operski i baletski \u017eivot Beograda kao i drugih mesta u Srbiji i Kraljevini Jugoslaviji. Ruske balerine i baletski pedagozi \u2013 Klavdija Isa\u010denko, Jelena Poljakova, Nina Kirsanova, Fjodor Vasiljev, Anatolij \u017dukovski osnovali su balet u beogradskom Narodnom pozori\u0161tu. Nezaboravni su i veliki ruski scenografi Vladimir \u017dedrinski, Leonid i Rima Brailovski, Vladimir Zagorodnjuk\u201c<\/em>, isti\u010de Denisov<\/strong>, napominju\u0107i da je \u010dak jedanaest izbeglih ruskih nau\u010dnika bilo primljeno u Srpsku kraljevsku akademiju: Anton Bilimovi\u010d, Vladimir Laskarjov, Nikolaj Saltikov, Jevgenij Spektorski, Fjodor Taranovski, Jakov Hlit\u010dijev, Stjepan Kuljbakin, Vladimir Farmakovski, Nikolaj Pu\u0161in, Konstantin Voronjec i Georgij Ostrogorski.<\/p>\n

KRASNOV \u2013 JEDNA SUDBINA<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jedan od zna\u010dajnih Rusa u Srbiji bio je i arhitekta Nikolaj Krasnov<\/strong> (1864\u20131939). Vrata Moskovske \u0161kole za slikarstvo, vajarstvo i arhitekturu su se pred dvanaestogodi\u0161njim Nikolajem otvorila 1876. godine. Ima indicija da je mladom, sposobnom i marljivom de\u010daku pomogao Sergej Mihajlovi\u010d Tretjakov, ro\u0111eni brat osniva\u010da legendarne Tretjakovske galerije u Moskvi. Pretpostavlja se da se mladi Krasnov obreo na ju\u017enoj obali Krima zahvaljuju\u0107i pokroviteljstvu svog poznatog zemljaka, preduzetnika i trgovca Petra Gubonjina. Tek 1887. godine Krasnov postaje glavni arhitekta Jalte, popularnog letovali\u0161ta Ruske imperije. Do 1913. Krim je dobio vi\u0161e od \u0161ezdeset raznovrsnih radova tog arhitekte, koji predstavljaju skladan spoj stila moderne, sa umetni\u010dkom tradicijom lokalne arhitekture. Akademija umetnosti u Peterburgu izabrala je Krasnova za akademika arhitekture.<\/p>\n

Arhitekta Krasnov, kao i mnogi drugi koji nisu prihvatili novu vlast, bio je prinu\u0111en da 1919. godine napusti Rusiju. Po\u0161to se tri godine selila od Galipolja do Malte, porodica Krasnov je najzad stigla u Beograd<\/a>, i to na poziv vlade Kraljevine Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca. Tako je ruskom akademiku arhitekture Jugoslavija postala druga domovina.<\/strong> \u0160tavi\u0161e, tu je mogao da nastavi bavljenje poslom koji je toliko voleo.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nikolaj Petrovi\u010d Krasnov je u Beogradu tokom dvadesetih godina pro\u0161log veka radio na nekoliko izuzetno zna\u010dajnih dr\u017eavnih projekata kao \u0161to su zgrada Ministarstva finansija<\/strong><\/a>, zdanje Ministarstva \u0161umarstva, poljoprivrede i rudarstva<\/strong> i zgrada Dr\u017eavnog arhiva<\/strong>. Strogi akademizam tih veli\u010danstvenih zdanja ovaplotio je ideju ja\u010danja jugoslovenske dr\u017eavnosti.
\nMe\u0111utim, Krasnov na obnovi crkve Ru\u017eice <\/strong>na Kalemegdanu<\/strong> radi u sasvim druga\u010dijem maniru, daju\u0107i joj romanti\u010darski \u201esrednjovekovni\u201c izgled i harmoni\u010dno je uklapaju\u0107i u monolitno odbrambeno zdanje. Dve izuzetno va\u017ene porud\u017ebine sti\u017eu Krasnovu sa Kraljevskog dvora: rad na enterijeru Crkve Sv. \u0110or\u0111a <\/a><\/strong>na Oplencu<\/strong><\/a> i vile Starog dvora <\/strong>na Dedinju<\/strong><\/a>. Na oba zdanja izveo je \u010ditav niz umetni\u010dkih radova u skladu sa nacionalnim arhitektonskim stilom obeju gra\u0111evina. Krasnov je tako\u0111e zaslu\u017ean za enterijer zdanja Narodne skup\u0161tine<\/strong> u Beogradu.
\n\"Beograd,<\/a>
\nOd 1922. do svoje smrti obavljao je du\u017enost inspektora Arhitektonskog odeljenja Ministarstva za gra\u0111evinu. Ukratko, taj talentovani graditelj i \u010dovek izuzetne radne energije i u emigraciji je bio veoma po\u0161tovan i tra\u017een. Umro je 8. decembra 1939. u Beogradu, sahranjen je na ruskom delu beogradskog Novog groblja, tik uz Iversku kapelu, u kojoj je i opevan \u2013 zaokru\u017euju\u0107i jednu neobi\u010dnu izbegli\u010dku pri\u010du, umetni\u010dku putanju i ljudsku sudbinu<\/em>.<\/p>\n

Priredila D. MARKOVI\u0106<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Vreme najburnijih i najintenzivnijih promena u arhitektonskom smislu Beograd je do\u017eiveo izme\u0111u dva svetska rata. Skoro preko no\u0107i grad je obrise orijentalnog zamenio modernim izgledom jedne evropske prestonice. Velika uloga […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22,"featured_media":25021,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2846,1667],"tags":[3263,2698,3078],"class_list":["post-25030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istaknuto","category-manastiri-crkve-kulturne-atrakcije-sta-posetiti","tag-arhitektura-beograda","tag-belguest","tag-nikolaj-krasnov","post_format-post-format-image"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRusko nasle\u0111e u Beogradu - Serbia.com<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/serbia.com\/srpski\/rusko-naslede-u-beogradu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rusko nasle\u0111e u Beogradu - Serbia.com\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Vreme najburnijih i najintenzivnijih promena u arhitektonskom smislu Beograd je do\u017eiveo izme\u0111u dva svetska rata. 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